![图说阳台、天台蔬果巧栽培](https://wfqqreader-1252317822.image.myqcloud.com/cover/613/22624613/b_22624613.jpg)
二、萝卜
1.简介
别名莱菔。原产于欧洲、亚洲温暖海岸。十字花科萝卜属二年生或一年生草本植物。叶片长倒卵形或羽状深裂,花白色或浅紫色,肉质根形状及大小因品种而异,根皮色有红、青、白等多种颜色。
2.对环境条件要求
3.栽培过程及管理
(1)播种 种子均匀撒播在土面上,播后盖种子厚度2倍的培养土,浇透水,保温保湿,2~4天可出苗。
(2)间苗与定苗 出苗后要及时分次间苗,3片真叶时定苗,苗距20厘米。
(3)水肥管理 生长期内要求充足水分,保持土壤湿润,尤其是肉质根膨大期不可缺水,浇水应均匀,不可积水。在直根膨大前期,追施1次速效性氮肥,在肉质根开始膨大期,应结合浇水再追施2~3次复合肥。
(4)采收 肉质根充分膨大,基部变圆,叶片变为黄绿色时采收。
(5)营养及食用 萝卜富含的淀粉酶可促进消化,含硫化合物可防癌。根可入药,有止渴、助消化的功效。食用肉质直根。可炒食、炖食、做汤,还可以加工腌制及做成萝卜干等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/82FAAF/11203271604286706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/1-367.jpg?sign=1739319109-y5steSIjU4wq0Quj47F77H7D1p7Dgjrg-0-a40d8ed6cca1b061e8ae150d99e0a501)
图2-2-1 短叶十三萝卜种子
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/82FAAF/11203271604286706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/1-376.jpg?sign=1739319109-Y29FY6mDqTKVtRkCML4YVnr7nrTVSS1I-0-1bd8090cc8e69bba01667481c9ef168e)
图2-2-2 2015-10-14 短叶十三萝卜播种
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/82FAAF/11203271604286706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/1-377.jpg?sign=1739319109-UZ4LTGlnsOh7Vp0SEjUOabYu8fxk1TTX-0-a9b731cd5dcb58734dd40f29b7cb317f)
图2-2-3 2015-10-18短叶十三萝卜出苗,播种后4天,两片子叶展开
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/82FAAF/11203271604286706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/1-378.jpg?sign=1739319109-Kg9vyBb4CZpteLNu658WDd4KU3HihMSK-0-59a9062c6e7b42a0d773aecd92c3bcd6)
图2-2-4 2015-10-18短叶十三萝卜间苗
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/82FAAF/11203271604286706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/1-379.jpg?sign=1739319109-ubS9EtaMt7eWsnyASw8cCSyrI5lfzuHE-0-2894da690d7469f76fa865b3580c8b7e)
图2-2-5 2015-10-21 短叶十三萝卜播种后7天,两片子叶,一片真叶
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/82FAAF/11203271604286706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/1-380.jpg?sign=1739319109-BlP6D8agc0j32OyVPOkNKpsKPrW8UkIE-0-823e124c35de8db49a7ddfa8e5336d6f)
图2-2-6 2015-10-29 短叶十三萝卜播种后15天
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/82FAAF/11203271604286706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/1-381.jpg?sign=1739319109-ULAVoQlnE5w4ermi1hUhaKvZAHtUbglt-0-2da635b99b4ee039adafd5728b018c1f)
图2-2-7 2015-11-4 短叶十三萝卜播种后21天
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/82FAAF/11203271604286706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/1-382.jpg?sign=1739319109-bQD5ByXTmN2EDcPAUtC1hAbIZeOWY2yz-0-6be25310fc09d845b686329bee1676ad)
图2-2-8 2015-11-8 短叶十三萝卜播种后25天
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/82FAAF/11203271604286706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/1-383.jpg?sign=1739319109-N1fJjmvibiOB97UoHWI8MKeVuGkuq4lN-0-669d3360f5a43c6d349d64e5fc07006b)
图2-2-9 2015-11-14 短叶十三萝卜播种后31天
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/82FAAF/11203271604286706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/1-368.jpg?sign=1739319109-kuToxAkXKgtcJL4UCQSWcUm3nDY5YBST-0-8a526d196ab630467fa267e14db36195)
图2-2-10 2015-11-21 短叶十三萝卜播种后38天
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/82FAAF/11203271604286706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/1-369.jpg?sign=1739319109-zl8VZE6rfFZJ4mIhCzGb7osz6rv7v7YU-0-4bebc0ef782a560874df22e940d0c406)
图2-2-11 2015-11-28短叶十三萝卜播种后45天
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/82FAAF/11203271604286706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/1-370.jpg?sign=1739319109-8DDDQvqXctvfec5PwWwycpqECq6HhtOi-0-23107cd6aef70e77e2989de8eb78cb6a)
图2-2-12 2015-12-5短叶十三萝卜播种后52天
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/82FAAF/11203271604286706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/1-371.jpg?sign=1739319109-7h7HsY1qv3yozQ0I4P7D0GY9exb2XiLn-0-d156927a289f0abc76feea9a26ad6d01)
图2-2-13 2015-12-12短叶十三萝卜播种后59天
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/82FAAF/11203271604286706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/1-372.jpg?sign=1739319109-0zJy92PhPrcAqkl0LW5j2Fhd5vc1mbvQ-0-261dfc7be0812276e06720ee672ade0e)
图2-2-14 2015-12-12短叶十三萝卜采收
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/82FAAF/11203271604286706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/1-373.jpg?sign=1739319109-Fo71wBOnJB1pEd56N6dHaelvO8iz83zC-0-1e5428056c017864ad8c294ac0545d7a)
图2-2-15 2015-12-5地栽萝卜6-7片叶
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/82FAAF/11203271604286706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/1-374.jpg?sign=1739319109-cbAn9VQRhkhlY8EWPq04FV8SHPslG3NX-0-fad8a22af05448c891cd76c2cc0251f2)
图2-2-16 2015-12-26地栽萝卜直根露出地面
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/82FAAF/11203271604286706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/1-375.jpg?sign=1739319109-Ka4ksqSYk9O2z5akPZoEWg2vifiAuOk7-0-4a586f4e0f40ca89b9b140a74801b38f)
图2-2-17 2015-12-26地栽萝卜采收