![锂离子电池储能系统集成与一致性管理](https://wfqqreader-1252317822.image.myqcloud.com/cover/45/48280045/b_48280045.jpg)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-3XGoo2q1iMuvIDVkR3zDNp88QikE5DMq-0-a59e7d3f3990a86c3ac734ae09050dbd)
图2-14 静置时,磷酸铁锂电池在不同SOC区间的全频率阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_02.jpg?sign=1739674443-MyX60THmlsbUhf9yovcr0HgG8SvsWray-0-48c4dd94d7563bfbc733d3332996b52b)
图2-15 不同SOC下的交流阻抗谱(充电过程)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-gDAnIU8wOzVs7E0eKSKIS5iz3eGQiItY-0-8ec289dde4bb403ce9098afda8131f15)
图2-16 不同SOC下的交流阻抗谱(放电过程)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_02.jpg?sign=1739674443-GPdC6V7aRjCcFxQSUphFhYqzu6lKbK3D-0-a2ed2b90dfe7320f9e83fd7900656a6c)
图2-21 拟合阻抗谱结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-DrbTXLxuoeyUBbqK64hxAwRSC79klKqL-0-50e24085d7956a2eefedf7dbcc80d5f4)
图2-22 电池在不同SOC区间的静态阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_02.jpg?sign=1739674443-MhZ0UPsU9mdNsGtPDjdqFOdJd9h9MOVf-0-5b251f284e77557fec1180fa0fbbcb3f)
图2-24 电池在0.2C充电过程中,50次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-AbBvrnytMFJxAu6Cz7f185W0tOJjyai6-0-9287bfc8f5f5e3faff0b383521534ac5)
图2-26 电池在0.2C充电过程中,100次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_02.jpg?sign=1739674443-pAiLWMfDB193u145s4d31ezQoybLuJpl-0-fe1195a79aba03bb526c10bab71a16c7)
图2-28 电池在0.2C充电过程中,200次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-rA0PbnPv1qCeoL4SRdCxMr8m1dK8eeuX-0-77490dcd520448cc63f41ddf1125b800)
图2-30 电池在0.5C充电过程中,50次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_02.jpg?sign=1739674443-53SIskP1POGzkWk1AHdbjZ4ZNX6sNqph-0-17f1ebde94f58798581d515e580c548a)
图2-32 电池在0.5C充电过程中,100次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-KHEBX01ciWx5rqLsSZ22qguENMaLKWik-0-a186c4ff0ab0383cfb65d3f7914189b5)
图2-34 电池在0.5C充电过程中,200次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_02.jpg?sign=1739674443-Ld7GX5Ep5tym46AT9KMsZczenpKXgpZo-0-46fecf36f2ed2d00021981f630a882f4)
图2-36 电池在0.5C充电过程中,300次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-gNRnXaQnE1dtxEPAWpspVrOFkMJ5YUt2-0-9dccb86508b7898afd5202382b5b727c)
图2-38 电池在1C充电过程中,100次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_02.jpg?sign=1739674443-946utDvK8vdnsMj36n8EcIPDxozzYiOa-0-f0f7ad1ac628aaf20a2c8a39b01aef2a)
图2-40 电池在1C充电过程中,200次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/10_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-K9u3kLRnr8AEngNgQkLQY7liPi1mFtg0-0-c91f367ece2cfa4288718ad91d49b6be)
图2-42 电池在1C充电过程中,300次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/10_02.jpg?sign=1739674443-SZCl48UJwLsenAY06fiZoG4iOtg0qjYr-0-4faeb03d2409af6b39fc9896957eb40f)
图2-44 电池在1C充电过程中,400次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/11_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-7c8ROrrNNhmfHD4iOZL9d2yWZ8FNN9ql-0-f48a0cbb957aaea4ddeb1cc5a4266e8f)
图2-46 电池在0.2C放电过程中,50次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/11_02.jpg?sign=1739674443-2S20sdjHnSui5e3VuZXK0B5uVUQYREt9-0-c8c3f799721581f39a9b2d135311b35e)
图2-48 电池在0.2C放电过程中,100次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/12_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-GdBRjFrcLnXn2NMZKQjr5D0XRWY1iGuP-0-3e4bdb74de19033597e25a65a7d91f41)
图2-50 电池在0.2C放电过程中,200次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/12_02.jpg?sign=1739674443-LRMEUEFzVEybTAClLywcFYa8BvBXMaYh-0-4fd4032ca0b398ae7332cb1473b65a9f)
图2-52 电池在0.5C放电过程中,50次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/13_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-m82j111xvjIkAYPPoXMrOAluzvTWPMBF-0-885c16a18c23bbebeeab6534b629601a)
图2-54 电池在0.5C放电过程中,100次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/13_02.jpg?sign=1739674443-pXcNNRFPvT76Bn4VQfAsKyScGdBPGajx-0-a46863655a2f46f828af482f303d49c7)
图2-56 电池在0.5C放电过程中,200次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/14_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-ztPzMqwrOYcEeDmHsMYZVKO8b77MTGNb-0-0105786eda85aec7d6aeac63aa6f902c)
图2-58 电池在0.5C放电过程中,300次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/14_02.jpg?sign=1739674443-nLNlhRaxv0ZxFFPNvChL5AHYUWWhKy8F-0-259019109a4bbec3af5bdd2176b35e60)
图2-60 电池在1C放电过程中,100次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/15_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-KTtKXrjdTg0yAojnYkEFnRcsCDDcjFdu-0-ad3700c128605512b8951ec520cf23db)
图2-62 电池在1C放电过程中,200次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/15_02.jpg?sign=1739674443-UuYNHwJypry06XM9R4Ey9OPnAQyULNeq-0-738fb9904dd0745b09b6ae5ca8838f02)
图2-64 电池在1C放电过程中,300次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/16_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-slL9MEZvqlmjlOSS1ZL4M2VdNdTy4fJT-0-1af500fa622303b728637a3ba4ebd825)
图2-66 电池在1C放电过程中,400次循环后不同SOC区间下的阻抗谱
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/16_02.jpg?sign=1739674443-yqnms8lEhq39jYt3EvQ2QeGUIyfCQoWf-0-9648737d36d9d48e51c6a5bd3785039a)
图3-9 圆柱形电池温度分布图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/16_03.jpg?sign=1739674443-713VZjJy7J2f5hSWfNjOzHjLBNj2gwaZ-0-be46fdf56687dd56f731eff08162ac4d)
图3-10 锂离子电池在1C放电工况下正极的电势分布图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/17_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-ZFn15t53wWzF0hsnY7MlDgrryLJuceBv-0-a942cf706e1c949745f2f09a919509c5)
图3-11 锂离子电池在1C放电工况下的电流密度分布图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/17_02.jpg?sign=1739674443-G5tfDgeJs6jkQCuc0vcbHTpMtLBe0Yd6-0-ed3b51c478d10ac21350c5076e627ed0)
图3-17 电池电流密度、电势及温度云图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/18_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-8QuLTLn2xZo8BIFTKD3EYrsNLhVHVaCG-0-fe3faac446c685033c4b87ed75630219)
图3-19 电池模块仿真结果示意图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/18_02.jpg?sign=1739674443-2UsLNQIIaIoZpIzEgRAcC3IbuNKbeK2C-0-ca20fbc9d146d5b138a6bd57c25d2d50)
图4-14 电池电压实测与辨识结果对比(A01)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/19_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-zYT1KuApoP98wx3OyKNyOai6ZBqCvAzV-0-b535178192f67069660a723b54bc85bf)
图4-30 控制效果图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/19_02.jpg?sign=1739674443-hpuwW9DnW9HXTiTSmWvIFwPI2DBC0ssm-0-fbf027f37163dfdbadf834bc5d0bbfdb)
图4-31 储能系统总功率实际与仿真曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/20_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-7C1K7rX0g1Yxr3SKXKECiXUYyMfuhS7y-0-ed8646b425d33412be2d55043bd434e3)
图4-32 各储能单元SOC实际与仿真曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/21_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-dmPt1CqdqHf8zJfj7hlkEumNqPr0S74x-0-b6228f02580d9552dcd05150863be3be)
图4-33 各储能单元功率实际与仿真曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/22_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-uoKxzTthATsjbRofSYHj3ysRz6gopNhx-0-8aa1053b227f1321e372442c81036bc5)
图4-34 控制效果图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/22_02.jpg?sign=1739674443-muLSVLCJZDisSPfI1ey5oEborCczmvER-0-3f982553b522b8104294b1b58108a8d8)
图4-35 储能系统总功率实际与仿真曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/23_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-fLsa4SvhKtyxkO2qoQYyztmZcREp0ucY-0-21b5bb3cc5a897ac1258e328d44a81a2)
图4-36 各储能单元SOC实际与仿真曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/24_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-m5m1oqjVlrm7gURlyoI9IwS3i2rKBn2N-0-58b6f95a72d85e06d4c79d3459cb6e04)
图4-37 各储能单元功率实际与仿真曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/25_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-Vtq3LqOHk0FOhLuHCMSK8sqdAEkz3oNz-0-50d699fe36fcc882b33eb536df5a8dee)
图5-14 平滑控制效果图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/25_02.jpg?sign=1739674443-UI7CvGWDN049Fn801bWsZnRPtZTPU8UQ-0-717a555a5d667cbe47bafdc18bfa048a)
图5-31 平滑风光发电控制效果图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/25_03.jpg?sign=1739674443-VXkuIW9JCzJIUxf9bXPqNtpeypTWFhPv-0-b626c7f10878a6ba326a08211d6d2507)
图5-32 跟踪计划发电的控制效果图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/26_01.jpg?sign=1739674443-8VQmuNuXGXHMSJxuEK1aG2W0kwehdLpC-0-837f5c8b56cf264684f9c63521c4da50)
图5-33 AGC调频控制效果图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/26_02.jpg?sign=1739674443-CeJIK1Z5tb811ZkbUYVGHb7xVan05KJn-0-c8bd7d9bbcc54f850a910af5bf3560fa)
图5-37 储能电站8天的功率曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/341952/27820644407137306/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/26_03.jpg?sign=1739674443-3K4rIgOm4TpN0bsvrE5jw0LvyfxTomz7-0-330d5413dab5f5192a2b81b6529c3bed)
图5-39 调度AGC调频实时曲线